• New Entries
• Entries With Substantive Content Changes
• Entries With Minor Corrections

New Entries

• Abu Bakr al-Razi (Peter Adamson)
• Epistemological Problems of Testimony (Nick Leonard)
• Francis Hutcheson (Dale Dorsey)
• Hegel’s Social and Political Philosophy (Thom Brooks)
• Knowledge How (Carlotta Pavese)
• Infinity (Graham Oppy, Alan Hájek, Kenny Easwaran, and Paolo Mancosu)
• Legal Probabilism (Rafal Urbaniak and Marcello Di Bello)
• Margaret Fuller (Daniel Howe)
• Neoliberalism (Kevin Vallier)
• Ralph Cudworth (Sarah Hutton)
• Simpson’s Paradox (Jan Sprenger and Naftali Weinberger)
• Sin in Christian Thought (Kevin Timpe)
• Understanding (Stephen Grimm)

Entries With Substantive Content Changes

• 17th and 18th Century Theories of Emotions (Amy M. Schmitter)
• Abduction (Igor Douven)
• Alcmaeon (Carl Huffman)
• Ambiguity (Adam Sennet)
• A Priorism in Moral Epistemology (Michael DePaul and Amelia Hicks)
• Bohmian Mechanics (Sheldon Goldstein)
• Business Ethics (Jeffrey Moriarty)
• Civil Disobedience (Candice Delmas and Kimberley Brownlee)
• Computation in Physical Systems (Gualtiero Piccinini and Corey Maley)
• Constructive Empiricism (Bradley Monton and Chad Mohler)
• Definitions (Anil Gupta)
• Dependence Logic (Pietro Galliani)
• Depiction (John Hyman and Katerina Bantinaki)
• Descartes’ Mathematics (Mary Domski)
• Economics and Economic Justice (Marc Fleurbaey)
• Epictetus (Margaret Graver)
• Equality (Stefan Gosepath)
• Evolutionary Game Theory (J. McKenzie Alexander)
• Feminist History of Philosophy (Charlotte Witt and Lisa Shapiro)
• Friedrich Hayek (David Schmidtz and Peter Boettke)
• Friedrich Schiller (Lydia L. Moland)
• Gabriel (-Honoré) Marcel (Brian Treanor and Brendan Sweetman)
• Galileo Galilei (Peter Machamer and David Marshall Miller)
• Gilbert Ryle (Julia Tanney)
• Gorampa [go rams pa] (Constance Kassor)
• Hans Reichenbach (Clark Glymour and Frederick Eberhardt)
• Idiolects (Alex Barber and Eduardo Garcia Ramirez)
• Ikhwân al-Safâ’ (Carmela Baffioni)
• Imre Lakatos (Alan Musgrave and Charles Pigden)
• Intergenerational Justice (Lukas Meyer)
• John Rawls (Leif Wenar)
• Kant’s Philosophy of Religion (Lawrence Pasternack and Courtney Fugate)
• Leo Strauss (Leora Batnitzky)
• Lord Shaftesbury [Anthony Ashley Cooper, 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury] (Michael B. Gill)
• Marsilius of Inghen (Maarten Hoenen)
• Medieval Theories of Modality (Simo Knuuttila)
• Medieval Theories of the Syllogism (Henrik Lagerlund)
• Montague Semantics (Theo M. V. Janssen and Thomas Ede Zimmermann)
• Moore’s Moral Philosophy (Thomas Hurka)
• Moral Anti-Realism (Richard Joyce)
• Nicholas of Autrecourt (Hans Thijssen)
• Omniscience (Edward Wierenga)
• Optimality-Theoretic and Game-Theoretic Approaches to Implicature (Robert van Rooij and Michael Franke)
• Paradoxes and Contemporary Logic (Andrea Cantini and Riccardo Bruni)
• Parenthood and Procreation (Elizabeth Brake and Joseph Millum)
• Peter John Olivi (Robert Pasnau and Juhana Toivanen)
• Philo of Larissa (Charles Brittain and Peter Osorio)
• Physicalism (Daniel Stoljar)
• Pragmatism (Catherine Legg and Christopher Hookway)
• Pufendorf’s Moral and Political Philosophy (Michael Seidler)
• Reliabilist Epistemology (Alvin Goldman and Bob Beddor)
• Russell’s Moral Philosophy (Charles Pigden)
• Science and Pseudo-Science (Sven Ove Hansson)
• Scientific Explanation (James Woodward and Lauren Ross)
• Scientific Method (Brian Hepburn and Hanne Andersen)
• Spinoza’s Physical Theory (Richard Manning)
• States of Affairs (Mark Textor)
• Susan Stebbing (Michael Beaney and Siobhan Chapman)
• The Definition of Death (David DeGrazia)
• Theory and Observation in Science (Nora Mills Boyd and James Bogen)
• Thermodynamic Asymmetry in Time (Craig Callender)
• The Theology of Aristotle (Peter Adamson)
• Tommaso Campanella (Germana Ernst and Jean-Paul De Lucca)
• William Godwin (Mark Philp)
• Xenocrates (Russell Dancy)
• Zeno of Elea (John Palmer)

Entries With Minor Corrections

• Abilities (John Maier)
• Alexius Meinong (Johann Marek)
• Alfred Schutz (Michael Barber)
• Analysis (Michael Beaney)
• Ancient Skepticism (Katja Vogt)
• Blame (Neal Tognazzini and D. Justin Coates)
• Chinese Ethics (David Wong)
• Civil Rights (Andrew Altman)
• Coercion (Scott Anderson)
• Compatibilism (Michael McKenna and D. Justin Coates)
• Conceptual Art (Elisabeth Schellekens)
• Contemporary Approaches to the Social Contract (Fred D'Agostino, Gerald Gaus, and John Thrasher)
• Counterfactuals (William Starr)
• Creationism (Michael Ruse)
• Deontological Ethics (Larry Alexander and Michael Moore)
• Dreams and Dreaming (Jennifer M. Windt)
• Emotion (Andrea Scarantino and Ronald de Sousa)
• Environmental Ethics (Andrew Brennan and Yeuk-Sze Lo)
• Epistemic Logic (Rasmus Rendsvig and John Symons)
• Ethics in Indian and Tibetan Buddhism (Charles Goodman)
• Ethics of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics (Vincent C. Müller)
• Experiment in Physics (Allan Franklin and Slobodan Perovic)
• Formalism in the Philosophy of Mathematics (Alan Weir)
• Frege’s Theorem and Foundations for Arithmetic (Edward N. Zalta)
• Heaven and Hell in Christian Thought (Thomas Talbott)
• Henry Sidgwick (Barton Schultz)
• Heraclitus (Daniel W. Graham)
• Herbert Marcuse (Arnold Farr)
• Hume on Free Will (Paul Russell)
• Hyperintensionality (Francesco Berto and Daniel Nolan)
• International Distributive Justice (Michael Blake and Patrick Taylor Smith)
• Internet Research Ethics (Elizabeth A. Buchanan and Michael Zimmer)
• Jeremy Bentham (James E. Crimmins)
• Kant’s Social and Political Philosophy (Frederick Rauscher)
• Latin American Feminism (Stephanie Rivera Berruz)
• Legal Punishment (Antony Duff and Zachary Hoskins)
• Logical Pluralism (Gillian Russell)
• Lvov-Warsaw School (Jan Woleński)
• Max Weber (Sung Ho Kim)
• Michel Foucault (Gary Gutting and Johanna Oksala)
• Modal Logic (James Garson)
• Moral Luck (Dana K. Nelkin)
• Moral Realism (Geoff Sayre-McCord)
• Naturalism (David Papineau)
• Nietzsche’s Moral and Political Philosophy (Brian Leiter)
• Peter Auriol (Russell L. Friedman)
• Peter Frederick Strawson (Paul Snowdon and Anil Gomes)
• Philosophy of Systems and Synthetic Biology (Sara Green)
• Political Obligation (Richard Dagger and David Lefkowitz)
• Principia Mathematica (Bernard Linsky and Andrew David Irvine)
• Principle of Sufficient Reason (Yitzhak Y. Melamed and Martin Lin)
• Progress (Margaret Meek Lange)
• Qualia: The Knowledge Argument (Martine Nida-Rümelin and Donnchadh O Conaill)
• Reichenbach’s Common Cause Principle (Christopher Hitchcock and Miklós Rédei)
• Reproducibility of Scientific Results (Fiona Fidler and John Wilcox)
• Respect (Robin S. Dillon)
• Retributive Justice (Alec Walen)
• Roderick Chisholm (Richard Feldman and Fred Feldman)
• Rudolf Carnap (Hannes Leitgeb and André Carus)
• Salomon Maimon (Peter Thielke and Yitzhak Y. Melamed)
• Self-Deception (Ian Deweese-Boyd)
• Skepticism About Moral Responsibility (Gregg Caruso)
• Sortals (Richard E. Grandy and Max A. Freund)
• Supervenience (Brian McLaughlin and Karen Bennett)
• Supervenience in Ethics (Tristram McPherson)
• The Axiom of Choice (John L. Bell)
• The Genotype/Phenotype Distinction (Peter Taylor and Richard Lewontin)
• The Lambda Calculus (Jesse Alama and Johannes Korbmacher)
• The Literal-Nonliteral Distinction in Classical Indian Philosophy (Malcolm Keating)
• The Moral Status of Animals (Lori Gruen)
• The Unity of Consciousness (Andrew Brook and Paul Raymont)
• The Unity of Science (Jordi Cat)
• Thomas Reid (Ryan Nichols and Gideon Yaffe)
• Truth (Michael Glanzberg)
• Voltaire (J.B. Shank)
• Wilfrid Sellars (Willem deVries)
• Wilhelm Windelband (Katherina Kinzel)
• William Crathorn (Aurélien Robert)
• Xenophanes (James Lesher)
• Zhu Xi (Kirill Thompson)